Cymbidium ensifolium

焦尾蘭

Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw.

名彙資訊

特徵描述

典藏標本

數位照片

分布位置

相關資訊

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名彙資訊

學名發表文獻

Sw, Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis 6: 77. 1799. (Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal.)

台灣首次記錄發表文獻

Lin, Native Orchids of Taiwan 2: 106. photo 36-39. 1977. (Native Orch. Taiwan)

異名

Cymbidium misericors Hayata

Hayata, Icones Plantarum Formosanarum 4: 79. fig. 38b. 1914. (Icon. Pl. Formos., 台灣植物圖譜)
Cymbidium arrogans Hayata

Hayata, Icones Plantarum Formosanarum 4: 76. 1914. (Icon. Pl. Formos., 台灣植物圖譜)
Cymbidium rubrigemmum Hayata

Hayata, Icones Plantarum Formosanarum 6: 81. 1916. (Icon. Pl. Formos., 台灣植物圖譜)
Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. var. misericors (Hayata) T. P. Lin

Lin, Native Orchids of Taiwan 2: 105. 1977. (Native Orch. Taiwan)
Cymbidium gyokuchin Makino var. arrogans (Hayata) S. S. Ying

Ying, Coloured illustrations of indigeous orchids of Taiwan 1: 126. 1977. (Col. Ill. Indig. Orch. Taiwan, 台灣蘭科植物彩色圖鑑)
Cymbidium kanran Makino var. misericors (Hayata) S. S. Ying

Ying, Coloured illustrations of indigeous orchids of Taiwan 1: 440. 1977. (Col. Ill. Indig. Orch. Taiwan, 台灣蘭科植物彩色圖鑑)
Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. var. rubrigemmum (Hayata) T. S. Liu & H. J. Su

T. S. Liu & H. J. Su, Flora of Taiwan 5: 940. 1978. (Fl. Taiwan, 台灣植物誌)
Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. var. misericors (Hayata) T. S. Liu & H. J. Su

T. S. Liu & H. J. Su, Flora of Taiwan 5: 942. 1978. (Fl. Taiwan, 台灣植物誌)
Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. var. xiphiifolium (Lindl.) S. S. Ying

Ying, Memoirs of the College of Agriculture, National Taiwan University 30(1): 38. 1990. (Mem. Coll. Agr. Natl. Taiwan Univ., 國立台灣大學農學院硏究報告)
Cymbidium oreophilum auct. non Hayata

Ying, Memoirs of the College of Agriculture, National Taiwan University 30(1): 38. 1990. (Mem. Coll. Agr. Natl. Taiwan Univ., 國立台灣大學農學院硏究報告)
Liuguishania taiwanensis Z.J. Liu & J.N. Zhang

Liu & Zhang, J. S. China Agric. Univ. 19(1): 73-74. fig. 1. 1998.

各語言俗名

中

建蘭. 焦尾蘭. 素心蘭. 四季蘭.
日

あかめそしん. かんのんそしん. かんのんらん. おらん. するがらん.
台

Âng hoe sò sim lân. Sò lân. Koan im sò sim lân. Kim pau lí sò sim lân. Sò sim lân.

參考資料

Yang, A list of plants in Taiwan . 1982. (List Pl. Taiwan, 台灣植物名彙)

特徵描述

生活型

herb

形態特徵

Tufted terrestrials. Roots 5-6 mm thick. Pseudobulbs ovoid, slightly compressed, 2-3 cm tall, 1-2 cm wide.
Leaves 3-5, linear, 30-50 cm long, 1-1.5 or rarely to 2.5 cm wide, coriaceous, apex acute, base cuneate, main veins 3, elevated on lower surface.
Peduncle basal from pseudobulb, 10-25 or rarely to 40 cm longl, remotely few-sheathed; rachis 10 cm or longer; bracts lanceolate, nearly equal or less than half length of pedicel and ovary, acuminate; pedicel and ovary 2.5-3.5 cm long. Flowers ca. 10, pale green, greenish yellow to pale yellow, perianth with few (1, or 3-5) reddish lines and dots, or rarely without any lines and dots, fragrant; sepals oblong to oblanceolate, 2.5-3.6 cm long, 7-8 mm wide, acute or obtuse at apex, lateral ones slightly oblique or falcate; petals elliptic to lanceolate, 2-2.6 cm long, 7- 10 mm wide, often with more red spots near base; lip pale yellow or nearly white, with many large reddish patches, ovate-oblong, obscurely 3-lobed or nearly unlobed, 1.6-2.2 cm long, 8-10 mm wide, lateral lobes or basal sides erect, midlobe reflexed, ovate, obtuse, entire or slightly undulate, disc with 2 yellowish keels often joined at their apex; column pale yellow, 1.2-1.5 cm long, with reddish spots and short lines on ventral side; anther yellowish white, shortly hirsute; pollinia 4, in 2 unequal pairs, attached to crescent-like viscidium.

分布

台灣 : commonly found in forest at 500-2,000 m throughout island.
世界 : Japan, southern China, northern India, Sikkim, Indochina, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and New Guinea.

引證標本

TAIPEI: Kawakami & Shimada s. n. Dec 1909. MIAOLI: Urbansong, Su 7921. NANTOU: Hoshe, Su 8189; Shanlinchi, Su 9045. HUALIEN: Tailukou, Su 9356; Nengkauyueh, Su & Chen 9385.